The Bihar Civil Court system is an essential part of the judicial framework of the State of Bihar. Civil Courts deal with disputes relating to property, contracts, family matters, succession, recovery of money, injunctions, landlord-tenant issues, and other civil rights. These courts function under the administrative supervision of the Patna High Court and play a crucial role in ensuring that citizens receive fair and timely justice.
With the implementation of the e-Courts Mission Mode Project, Bihar Civil Courts have embraced digital technology to make judicial services more accessible. Litigants, advocates, and the general public can now use online services such as Bihar Civil Court case status, cause list, e-Filing (where applicable), online judgments, and case information through the official judicial portals. These services improve transparency, reduce paperwork, and save valuable time.
Whether you are filing a civil suit, checking the status of a pending matter, or visiting a civil court for the first time, this guide provides practical information about the Bihar Civil Court, including its jurisdiction, services, facilities, and online resources.
Jurisdiction
The Bihar Civil Court system exercises jurisdiction over civil disputes arising within the State of Bihar. Each Civil Court has territorial jurisdiction based on the district or subdivision in which it is located.
Civil Courts generally hear matters such as:
- Property disputes
- Recovery of money
- Contract disputes
- Injunction suits
- Land and possession matters
- Partition suits
- Succession matters
- Probate cases
- Guardianship matters
- Matrimonial and family disputes (where applicable)
- Rent-related disputes
- Declaratory suits
- Execution proceedings
Appeals from Civil Courts are heard by higher courts as prescribed under the applicable laws, including the District Court and the Patna High Court.
Principal Seat and Benches
Unlike a High Court, the Bihar Civil Court system functions through District Civil Courts located across Bihar.
Major Civil Court complexes are situated in districts such as:
- Patna Civil Court
- Gaya Civil Court
- Muzaffarpur Civil Court
- Bhagalpur Civil Court
- Darbhanga Civil Court
- Purnea Civil Court
- Begusarai Civil Court
- Ara Civil Court
- Bihar Sharif Civil Court
- Motihari Civil Court
- Chapra Civil Court
- Sasaram Civil Court
- Siwan Civil Court
- Madhubani Civil Court
- Katihar Civil Court
Each district court exercises jurisdiction over civil matters arising within its assigned territorial limits.
Address
Since Bihar has Civil Courts in every district, the address depends on the district where the case has been filed.
Example:
Civil Court, Patna
Civil Court Campus
Patna
Bihar – 800001
India
For district-specific addresses, visitors should refer to the official District Judiciary website for the concerned district.
Contact Details
Each Bihar Civil Court has separate administrative offices to assist litigants and advocates.
Important offices generally include:
- District & Sessions Judge Office
- Civil Judge Office
- Registry
- Filing Counter
- Computer Section
- Copying Branch
- Public Information Officer (RTI)
- Nazarat Section
- Inquiry Counter
The latest telephone numbers and email addresses are available on the respective District Judiciary websites.
Court Timings
Most Bihar Civil Courts generally follow the schedule below.
| Activity | Timing |
| Office Opening | Around 10:00 AM |
| Court Proceedings | Usually begin around 10:30 AM |
| Lunch Break | As notified by the court |
| Office Closing | Around 5:00 PM |
Timings may vary depending on local administrative orders and seasonal schedules.
Working Days
Bihar Civil Courts generally function on:
- Monday
- Tuesday
- Wednesday
- Thursday
- Friday
The courts remain closed on:
- Saturdays
- Sundays
- National holidays
- State government holidays
- Court-declared holidays
Duty courts may hear urgent matters whenever required under applicable judicial procedures.
Important Departments
Several departments ensure the smooth functioning of Bihar Civil Courts.
Registry
Registers newly instituted civil cases and maintains case records.
Filing Section
Accepts plaints, petitions, affidavits, applications, and supporting documents.
Civil Judge Courts
Hear and decide civil disputes according to their pecuniary and territorial jurisdiction.
Copying Branch
Provides certified copies of judgments, decrees, and court records.
Record Room
Maintains judicial records and archived case files.
Computer Section
Manages digital records, online case information, and e-Courts services.
Nazarat Branch
Handles administrative and financial matters related to court proceedings.
Services Offered
Bihar Civil Courts provide a wide range of judicial services.
These include:
- Civil suits
- Property disputes
- Money recovery suits
- Partition suits
- Contract disputes
- Injunction matters
- Succession certificate cases
- Probate proceedings
- Guardianship matters
- Execution petitions
- Certified copy services
- Court record inspection
- Mediation services
- Lok Adalat proceedings
These services are available to litigants, advocates, government departments, and authorized persons.
Online Services
Bihar Civil Courts provide several digital facilities through the e-Courts platform.
Available online services include:
- Bihar Civil Court Case Status
- Online case search
- Daily cause list
- e-Filing (where available)
- Online judgments
- Court orders
- Case history
- Virtual hearing information (where applicable)
- Advocate services
- Recruitment notifications
- Tender notices
- Display board updates
These online services help users obtain important court information without visiting the court premises.
Bihar Civil Court Case Status
Checking Bihar Civil Court Case Status online is quick and easy.
Users can search cases using:
- CNR Number
- Case Number
- Party Name
- Advocate Name
- Filing Number
The online case status generally provides:
- Current stage of the case
- Next hearing date
- Court number
- Presiding Judge
- Previous hearing orders
- Final judgment (if available)
- Complete case history
Checking the case status regularly helps litigants remain informed about upcoming hearings and procedural developments.
Cause List
The Bihar Civil Court Cause List provides the daily schedule of cases listed before different courts.
The cause list generally contains:
- Court Number
- Judge Name
- Case Number
- Party Names
- Advocate Names
- Hearing sequence
- Nature of the matter
Since court listings may change, litigants should review the latest cause list before attending court.
e-Filing
The availability of e-Filing in Bihar Civil Courts depends on the specific district court and the nature of the proceedings.
Where available, eligible users can:
- File fresh civil cases electronically
- Upload supporting documents
- Submit affidavits
- File miscellaneous applications
- Track filing status
- View scrutiny objections
- Rectify filing defects
- Monitor filing progress
As digital judicial services continue to expand, more courts in Bihar are gradually adopting electronic filing facilities.
Display Board
Electronic display boards are available in many Civil Court complexes.
These display boards generally show:
- Court Number
- Judge Name
- Current Case
- Next Case
- Hearing Status
- Case Serial Number
The display board helps litigants and advocates identify the correct courtroom and monitor hearing progress efficiently.
How to Reach the Court
Since Civil Courts are located in every district headquarters, transportation options depend on the respective district.
Generally, visitors can reach the court through:
By Air
The nearest airport varies depending on the district. For Patna Civil Court, the nearest airport is:
Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna
By Train
Most district headquarters have railway stations connected to major cities in Bihar and across India.
By Road
Visitors can use:
- Bihar State Road Transport buses
- Private buses
- Auto-rickshaws
- E-rickshaws
- App-based taxi services
- Private vehicles
Local transport is available in almost all district headquarters.
Facilities Available
Most Bihar Civil Court complexes provide facilities such as:
- Waiting areas
- Drinking water
- Washrooms
- Filing counters
- Advocate chambers
- Bar Association facilities
- Information desk
- Certified copy section
- Record room
- Electronic display boards (where available)
- Security screening
- Wheelchair access in many court complexes
- Parking (subject to availability)
- Nearby banks, ATMs, photocopy centres, and food stalls
Visitors should carry a valid government-issued photo ID while entering court premises.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is Bihar Civil Court?
Bihar Civil Courts are trial courts that hear civil disputes such as property cases, contract disputes, money recovery suits, succession matters, and other civil proceedings.
How can I check Bihar Civil Court Case Status?
You can search your case online using the CNR number, case number, party name, advocate name, or filing number through the official e-Courts portal.
Does Bihar have Civil Courts in every district?
Yes. Every district in Bihar has a District Court that includes Civil Courts handling matters within their territorial jurisdiction.
Is e-Filing available?
e-Filing is available for certain categories of cases and courts, depending on the applicable rules and digital infrastructure. Users should verify availability with the concerned District Court.
Can I view the daily cause list online?
Yes. Most District Courts publish their daily cause list online through the e-Courts portal.
Can I obtain certified copies of judgments?
Yes. Certified copies of judgments, decrees, and court records can be obtained through the Copying Branch by following the prescribed procedure.
Who supervises Bihar Civil Courts?
The Bihar Civil Court system functions under the administrative supervision of the Patna High Court.
What is a CNR Number?
A Case Number Record (CNR) Number is a unique identification number assigned to every case registered in the e-Courts system, making it easier to track case progress online.
Conclusion
The Bihar Civil Court system plays a vital role in resolving civil disputes and ensuring access to justice across the State of Bihar. From property and contract disputes to succession, partition, and recovery matters, these courts provide an effective legal forum for individuals, businesses, and government agencies. Through digital initiatives such as Bihar Civil Court Case Status, online cause lists, e-Filing (where available), and electronic case tracking, the judiciary has significantly improved transparency and convenience for court users.
Whether you are filing a civil suit, tracking an ongoing case, or attending a hearing, understanding the court’s jurisdiction, procedures, and available services can help you navigate the legal process more confidently. For the most accurate case information, hearing schedules, and procedural updates, always refer to the official District Judiciary website or the e-Courts portal before visiting the concerned Bihar Civil Court.
